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Isma'il ibn Ahmad ibn Hassan bani Yani ((アラビア語:إسماعيل بن أحمد بن حسن بني يني)), known simply as Isma'il Ragheb Pasha ((アラビア語:إسماعيل راغب باشا)) (1819–1884), was a Greek Ottoman politician who served as Prime Minister of Egypt and held several other high-ranking government positions. Isma'il Ragheb was of Greek ancestry and was born in Greece on 18 August 1819 on either the island of Chios following the great Massacre or Candia Crete. After being kidnapped to Anatolia he was brought to Egypt as a slave by Ibrahim Pasha in 1830 and was converted to Islam. Immediately following his arrival, he studied at ''al-Maktab al-Amiri'' and obtained his advanced degree in 1834. He was fluent in Greek and was elevated to the rank of First Lieutenant by Egypt's viceroy Muhammad Ali Pasha. In 1836, he became head of the Accounting and Revenue Agencies. He was promoted to the rank of ''bikbashi'' (Lieutenant Colonel) in 1840, then ''kaymakam'' (Colonel) in 1844, and finally ''amiralay'' (Brigadier General) in 1846. He held the positions of Minister of Finance (1858–1860), then Minister of War (1860–1861). He became Inspector for the Maritime Provinces in 1862, and later Assistant ((アラビア語:باشمعاون)) to viceroy Isma'il Pasha (1863–1865). He was granted the title of ''beylerbey'' and then appointed President of the Privy council in 1868. He was appointed President of the Chamber of Deputies (1866–1867), then Minister of Interior in 1867, then Minister of Agriculture and Trade in 1875. He again held the Finance portfolio in Muhammad Sharif Pasha's first government (1879). After the fall of Mahmoud Sami el-Baroudi's government, Isma'il Ragheb became Prime Minister of Egypt in 1882. Although his government was short-lived (it lasted from 17 June to 21 August only), it was the only one to present concrete programs. His achievements include the modernisation of the budget through the inventory of revenues and expenses, the Law on Salaries, the ''La'eha Sa'ideyya'' as well as several agricultural laws. Isma'il Ragheb died in 1884. ==References== * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raghib Pasha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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